Professional Materials | Florida Department of Health The doctor who administered the test should be the one to read the TB test results. Proudly founded in 1681 as a place of tolerance and freedom. Official American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of 13,952 Posts, There is training to a national standard and certified by a national agency but no such thing as "nationally trained". cdc zombie preparedness 2021; how did the treaty of versailles lead to ww2; It is also called a PPD test, tuberculin test, or Mantoux test. The majority of the states don't have anything formally written on what medical assistants can do and some states do, but there are many articles indicating general regulations or the scope of practice. Our mission is to Empower, Unite, and Advance every nurse, student, and educator. Factors in selecting which test to use include the reason for testing, test availability, and cost. I understand they can administer the test and pass on their observations of the results to the MD, but the MD needs to read the test. We suspected he had an ear infection. who can read a tb test in pennsylvania - si2021.gtlanding.com A person is no longer contagious after two weeks of treatment. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. Yes, medical assistants can read TB tests. 1 Article; How the Test is Performed. ARNPs, PAs, and MDs are the only health care providers who can diagnose a patient with TB infection or disease. The training plan number is 5338, and the name is 'IDOH Tuberculosis (TB) Basics and TB Tests Used to Identify TB Infection' TB testing (PPD test) Upper respiratory infections (including the common cold) Urinary tract infections (including bladder and kidney infections) Yeast Infections; If necessary, we will perform lab tests and dispense your prescription drugs on-site for an easy, one-stop experience. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Healthcare license/certificates which allow administration and reading of a TB skin test include: http://valleyofthesunpharmacy.com/suhagra/ Certified Medical Assistants (MA-C) Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) Registered Nurse (RN) Advanced Registered Nurse Practitioner (ARNP) Physician Assistant (PA) Medical Doctor (MD) In general, there is no risk associated with repeated tuberculin skin test placements. Tuberculosis - Department of Health In the United States, 70% of people with TB were born outside of the country. A purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test is a test that determines if you have tuberculosis (TB). They will however read them if myself and the other nurses are busy or are questionable on a result. (2)A significant or a positive reaction shall be filed when the test reveals either of the following: (i)Ten mm or larger induration 48 to 72 hours after the test is administered in a person with no known exposure to a case of active tuberculosis. The reader should not measure erythema (redness). You can review and change the way we collect information below. A person must return within 48 to 72 hours to have a trained healthcare worker look for a reaction. Tb Test Form - Fill Out and Sign Printable PDF Template | signNow Reliable administration and reading of the TST requires standardization of procedures, training, supervision, and practice. The School Health regulations require that the testing occur upon original entry into school and in grade nine. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". There is no contraindication to repeating the TST, unless a previous TST was associated with a severe reaction. Specializes in Complex pedi to LTC/SA & now a manager. 200, Middlesex Essex Tpk, Suite #105, Iselin, New Jersey. copy of the letter. A positive result means that you have been infected with TB bacteria at some point in your life. 1-612-816-8773. What is the closest relative to a hamster? All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (70617). A PPD test is a screening method for checking if a person has active or latent tuberculosis. The test is usually given to people who have been in close contact with someone who has TB disease. A skin test or blood test can be used to diagnose TB. Choosing a specialty can be a daunting task and we made it easier. . FUNCTIONS OF AN LPN As per PA Code - Penn State Berks TB Test | Tuberculin Skin Test | MinuteClinic - CVS Pharmacy The tuberculin test shall be performed by the school physician, or by a physician of the employee's choice. If a medical assistant is nationaly trained -- does that mean they can read/interpret the TB test site? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. A TB test is a quick and easy way to screen for tuberculosis, a serious lung infection. False positives plague TB screening of health care workers - Relias Media (e)The tuberculin skin test shall be performed by the school physician, or by a physician of the employes choice legally qualified to practice medicine and surgery or osteopathy or osteopathic surgery in this Commonwealth, or the physicians legally qualified designee. Hiring a Medical Assistant? Specializes in Ambulatory Care-Family Medicine. It usually affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body such as the bones, joints, and lymph nodes. This annex gives information on administering, reading and interpreting a tuberculin skin test (TST). Arch Intern Med. When graduating from a medical assistant training program, if a medical assistant does not become certified or even if they do, are they still considered nationally certified? That is odd as I've never knew that an RN needs a "special training" in reading PPD's. I have read some of my co-workers PPD's especially if the RN supervisor is not around. However, it does not necessarily mean they currently have TB infection. A TST is the intradermal injection of a combination of mycobacterial antigens that elicit an immune response (delayed-type hypersensitivity), represented by induration, which can be measured in millimetres. Reading the Tuberculin Skin Test: Who, When, and How? PPD skin test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia All TB services are by appointment only, no walk-ins. The nurses work under the County ID MD protocol & CDC guidelines for interpretation and subsequent referral for additional testing (repeat test, chest X-ray, refer to MD for treatment). If the conditions in paragraphs (1) or (2) occur, the individual is required to have a chest X-ray and an evaluation by a physician for the presence of infectious tuberculosis. A medical assistant may be able to read a TB Test, but it is important to note that this is not always the case. Please enable scripts and reload this page. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. QuantiFERON TB Gold Plus | Quest Diagnostics I would like to thank you also for taking the time to reply to my question. Can an LPN administer and read TB skin tests? The American Lung Association has been dedicated to ending tuberculosis since its founding by volunteers over 115 years ago. 809 Market Street Port Royal, PA 17082 Eligibility: Under insured and uninsured for vaccines Hours: Monday through Friday, 8:00am to 4:30pm (717) 527-4185 Get Directions Visit Website False positives can happen for a number of reasons, including: The person has been vaccinated against TB I hope you have a wonderful day. Health care providers are encouraged to use newer TB blood tests to screen for TB infection. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. It is caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is not required that an MD read the result. But TB can also spread to other parts of the body, which is called extrapulmonary TB. Tuberculosis - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic This means there is a chance that the person has been exposed to TB but the PPD testing did not pick it up. Individuals who have completed baseline screening, including the first TST or IGRA TB test, can work without restriction if the test is negative. A USB flash drive (also called a thumb drive in the US, or a memory stick in the UK) [1] [note 1] is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated USB interface. Who can administer, read (measure), and interpret TB skin testing? Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is an infectious disease affecting the lungs and potentially the brain, kidney and spine. As part of the Department of Homeland Security's United States Citizenship and Immigration Services' humanitarian parolee programs, program beneficiaries two years of age or older are required to complete a medical screening for tuberculosis (TB), including an IGRA test within 90 days of arrival to the United States. MRI . A repeat TB test is not necessary. Pennsylvania Self-Pay Program Simplified Pricing for Patients without Insurance. Also called TB disease, this condition makes you sick and, in most cases, can spread to others. Can Medical assistants Read TB Tests? In some cases, medical assistants may also be able to administer TB tests. 11,306 Posts. This two-step approach can reduce the likelihood that a boosted reaction will be misinterpreted as a recent infection. Traditionally, the results are read as positive or negative. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Enter your official contact and identification details. Short-course regimens include: Three months of once-weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine (3HP), four months of daily rifampin (4R), or three months of daily isoniazid plus rifampin (3HR). However, not all nurses should either. They'll inject a tiny amount of fluid called tuberculin just below. Howard TP, Solomon DA. What would "they are certified and trained - "nationally trained" to read them mean? The TST is NOT an immunization or vaccine. Examine the TST site 48 to 72 hours after the TST is administered. The Pennsylvania Code website reflects the Pennsylvania Code changes effective through 52 Pa.B. No part of the information on this site may be reproduced for profit or sold for profit. Tuberculosis Screening - PA 211 Can a unlicensed medical assistant read a TB test? A TB test is a medical test used to determine if someone has tuberculosis (TB). TB can be active with symptoms or latent (inactive) in the body for years. School Staff Requirements The result depends on the size of the raised, hard area or swelling. T testing: Performing an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test or tuberculin skin test 8372 (December 31, 2022). If the school is located in an area with a county or municipal health department, there may be requirements or requests from these local health departments to alter TB testing policies. Signs and symptoms of active TB include: Coughing for three or more weeks. A persons health care provider should choose which TB test to use. How do you describe the shape of a molecule? TB Services in Pennsylvania Services Provided State Health Centers County and Municipal Health Departments Contact the TB Program TB Program Bureau of Communicable Diseases Pennsylvania Department of Health 625 Forster Street, Room 1013 Harrisburg, PA 17120 Phone: 717-787-6267 For blood tests, youll only need one visit with your healthcare provider. Testing for TB Infection | TB | CDC EKGs. The TB skin test is performed by injecting a small amount of fluid (called tuberculin) into the skin on the lower part of the arm. After 48 to 72 hours, a health professional reads the results of a TB skin test by measuring the size of the elevated spot. Tuberculosis testing - Walgreens It is my legal opinion that this language permits physicians to delegate areasonable scope of clinical procedures (including venipuncture andadministration of medication (including intramuscular, intradermal, andsubcutaneous injections), and transmittingthe supervising physician's orders by telephone) to competent andknowledgeable medical assistants working under their direct supervision inoutpatient setting. By using the site you agree to our Privacy, Cookies, and Terms of Service Policies. The TB skin test, also known as the Mantoux tuberculin skin test, is the most common way doctors diagnose tuberculosis. ContentsIntroductionWhat is a medical assistant?The duties of a medical assistantThe skills a medical assistant needsThe training a medical assistant needsThe certification a medical assistant needsThe salary of a medical assistantThe job outlook for a medical assistantThe pros and cons of being a medical assistantHow to become a medical assistant If youre thinking about hiring a, Read More Hiring a Medical Assistant? The TB skin test is also called the Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST). What is the average salary for, Read More Healthcare Opportunities: Certified Medical Assistant Jobs in Augusta GAContinue, Contents1.What is a medical administrative assistant?2.What are the duties of a medical administrative assistant?3.How can I become a medical administrative assistant?4.What are the benefits of becoming a medical administrative assistant?5.What are the job outlook and salary for a medical administrative assistant?6.What are the skills needed to be a successful medical administrative assistant?7.How can I stand, Read More What Does a Medical Administrative Assistant Do?Continue, Contents The duties of a medical assistant vs. a CNA The education and training required for a medical assistant vs. a CNA The job outlook for medical assistants vs. CNAs The average salary of a medical assistant vs. a CNA The benefits of being a medical assistant vs. a CNA The drawbacks of being a, Read More Is a Medical Assistant Better Than a CNA?Continue. Reading a TB test site is making clinical assessments/evaluations, which is not allowed. The results of a TB test can be positive, negative, or inconclusive. I understand an RN can read a TB test, but I was curious if a medical assistant can read/interrupt when there is no RN in the office. QuantiFERON (QFT) is an interferon- release assay (IGRA) that aids in the evaluation of tuberculosis (TB) infections (latent or active) 1 and is recommended by the CDC as an alternative to the tuberculin skin test (TST) in certain situations. Only a healthcare provider can interpret the results of a TB test and provide treatment, if necessary. The TB test is also known as a tuberculin skin test (TST) or a Mantoux test. 11 junio, 2020. We respect your privacy. Tuberculosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment - Cleveland Clinic You might feel a slight sting. montana frost depth map; Hola mundo! TB is a serious infection, usually of the lungs, caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium . The test is usually read 48 to 72 hours after it is performed. To do the positive vs negative TB test, firstly, your doctor will swab the skin on the inner side of your forearm. Copyright 2023 ElegantQuestion.com | All rights reserved. COVID-19 Suspensions - Pennsylvania Department of State According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), medical assistants can interpret tuberculin skin test (TST) results if they have been trained to do so.1 The training should include proper TST technique, how to read and interpret reactions, and when to refer patients with positive reactions to a healthcare provider for further evaluation. $5 is screening fee such as for employment or to join an ambulance corps. A positive TB test will show up as a raised, hard bump on the skin. Has 13 years experience. TB Testing TB testing can be accomplished using an IGRA or TST, although it is recommended that IGRA be used as much as possible. The Mantoux tuberculin skin test is performed in two visits to a healthcare provider. If the X-ray or CT scan images show evidence of TB, a doctor will usually test the person's sputum. Is ampicillin good for respiratory infection? After 4872 hours, your healthcare provider will check the skin for any palpable, raised, hardened area or swelling at the injection site. Information for school students can be found in Positive vs. Negative TB Test: How to Tell the Difference 2 Step PPD Test - Nao Medical - Statcare Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. This is called pulmonary TB. Subjects were actively employed health workers between 20 and 64 years of age without active tuberculosis. 2 Who can read a TB test in Pennsylvania? As the liquid is absorbed, it causes the skin to swell and form a small bump. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Active and latent TB can be cured by treatment with several medications given over a several weeks to months. Frequently Asked Questions About TB | Texas DSHS Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. A healthcare professional can perform the test in a. This test looks for TB in the brain or the spine. Can a medical assistant read the results of a TB skin test and sign off on it? When a person with TB coughs, sneezes or speaks, the TB bacteria becomes airborne and can infect those nearby if they breathe in the bacteria. A patient who does not return within 72 hours will need to be rescheduled for another skin test. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In the example cited above, the nil value (0.07 IU/mL) is well . These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. The Mantoux tuberculin skin test should always be placed and read by a designated, trained health care worker . (3)When the test reveals another reactiondiscrete papules, coalescence of papules or indurationthe administration of the intracutaneous Mantoux tuberculin skin test is required, and results shall be filed as specified in subsection (g)(1) or (2). You can NOT get TB from the test. Thank you to the Indiana Department of Health and numerous dedicated health professionals . These germs can stay in the air for several hours, depending on the environment. (i)If the percutaneous multiple puncture test method is used, the following information shall be provided on the form: (1)A nonsignificant or negative reaction shall be filed when the test reveals no induration or vesiculationblistering48 to 72 hours after the test is administered. Tuberculin testing of school personnel. We'v heard a few MD's and office managers make that statement. In my area they may place the test but reading requires interpretation and it is out of their scope. TB: Non-Risk-Based (Required) Screening and Testing The test is administered by occupational health and read by an occupation health. One of the most important things to remember when interpreting TB test results is that false positives can occur. When placed correctly, the injection should produce a pale elevation of the skin (a wheal) 6 to 10 mm in diameter. You are here: Home. I appreciate your speedy reply. A diagnosis of latent TB infection is made if a person has a positive TB test result and a medical evaluation does not indicate TB disease. Published by on 30 junio, 2022 The reaction should be measured in millimeters of the induration (firm swelling). TB Tests: Types of Tuberculosis Tests and Results - WebMD Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Has 12 years experience. Request a Modification for TB Testing of Students However, because IGRAs are similar to TSTs in terms of how they are performed and interpreted, it is likely that medical assistants who have been trained to interpret TSTs could also be trained to interpret IGRAs. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. (b) School personnel to be tested include employes and independent contractors who provide direct services to students on behalf of a school, including but not limited to teachers, nurses, administrators, physicians, dentists, dental hygienists, custodians, janitors, cooks, cafeteria workers, bus drivers, librarians, psychologists, audiologists A recent study involving 2,122 health care workers found that more than . Medical assistants are not licensed and are typically working under a facility policy. Baseline TB screening of all employees should be conducted with an approved test. Chest pain, or pain with breathing or coughing. School personnel to be tested include employees and independent contractors who provide direct services to students on behalf of a school, including but not limited to teachers, nurses, administrators, physicians, dentists, dental hygienists, custodians, janitors, cooks, cafeteria workers, bus drivers, librarians, psychologists, audiologists and counselors, and student teachers and volunteers. Specializes in NICU, PICU, Transport, L&D, Hospice. TB Test At CVS Cost - In 2023 - The Pricer School personnel who have a significant tuberculin skin test reaction, a negative chest X-ray and a statement from the physician indicating that they are free from infectious tuberculosis are not required to have further tuberculosis tests unless one of the following occurs: (1)They are exposed to an active case of tuberculosis. There have been a few large incidents with "certified" MA's misreading hives/local allergic reaction as a positive PPD. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Interim Clinical Considerations for Use of COVID-19 Vaccines Currently Authorized in the United States, What You Need to Know About the TB Skin Test, National Tuberculosis Controllers Association (NTCA) Testing and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the United States: Clinical Recommendations, Core Curriculum on TB: What the Clinician Should Know, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, TB Screening and Testing of Health Care Personnel, Diagnosing latent TB infection and TB disease, Deciding When to Treat Latent TB Infection, Treatment Regimens for Latent TB Infection (LTBI), TB Infection Control in Health Care Settings, Resources for TB Screening and Testing of Health Care Personnel, Interim Laboratory Biosafety Guidance for XDR tuberculosis strains, Model Performance Evaluation Program (MPEP), Rapid Molecular Testing to Detect Drug-Resistant TB in the US, Background on Tests for Molecular Detection of DR, General Considerations and Principles for a Molecular DR Testing Service, Possible Scenarios and Scope of Testing for a Molecular DR Testing Service, General Recommendations of the Expert Panel, The Uses of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for the Diagnosis of TB, Reported TB in the US, 2021 Surveillance Report, Tuberculosis in the United States, 2021 (Slide Set), Archived Surveillance Reports and Slide Sets, Interactive Core Curriculum on Tuberculosis: What the Clinician Should Know, Strengthening Civil Surgeons Capacity to Improve LTBI Surveillance and Outcomes Among Status Adjusters, Effective TB Interviewing for Contact Investigation, Forging Partnerships to Eliminate Tuberculosis, LTBI: A Guide for Primary Health Care Providers, Report of Verified Case of Tuberculosis (RVCT), TB Contact Investigation Interviewing Skills Course, Understanding the TB Cohort Review Process, Tuberculosis - The Connection between TB and HIV, 12-Dose Regimen for Latent TB Infection-Patient Education Brochure, Tuberculosis Laboratory Aggregate Reports, Epidemiology of Tuberculosis Among Non-U.S.Born Persons in the United States, 19932016, Self-Study Modules on Tuberculosis, 1-5 Slide Sets, The Tuberculosis (TB) in Correctional Settings, Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Correctional Facilities, United States, 1993-2017, Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Correctional and Detention Facilities, Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of M. TB in Health care Settings, Investigation of Contacts of Persons with Infectious TB, Epidemiology of Pediatric Tuberculosis in the United States, Targeted Tuberculosis Testing and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection, Customizable Take on TB Infographic with Instructions, Treating Latent TB Infection with Short-Course Regimens, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. However, there is no doctor's order for the test and no physician or house officer on staff. The provisions of this 23.44 amended July 3, 1986, effective July 5, 1986, 16 Pa.B. The test is administered by occupational health and read by an occupation health RN. Heres how to do the test right: Watch what you eat. Since 1997, allnurses is trusted by nurses around the globe. It can occur weeks or years after infection with the TB bacteria. Can Medical Assistants Read TB Tests? - medhomeinfo.org Therefore most practices now refer to the nurses at the health department as the test can be done for $5 or less if there was a verified exposure. Lewinsohn et al., Official American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America/CDC Clinical Practice Guidelines: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Vaccination with live viruses, including measles, mumps, rubella, oral polio, varicella, yellow fever, BCG, and oral typhoid, may interfere with TST reactions. However, medical assistants can help to reduce this risk by ensuring that they understand how to correctly interpret the results. There are two types of TB tests: a skin test and a blood test. Generally, it is not recommended to test a person with both a TB skin test and a TB blood test. Proudly founded in 1681 as a place of tolerance and freedom. Examine the TST site 48 to 72 hours after the TST is administered. The majority of the states don't have anything formally written on what medical assistants can do and some states do, but there are many articles indicating general regulations or the scope of practice. TB blood tests are also called interferon-gamma release assays or IGRAs. 1.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pertussis-infection-in-adolescents-and-adults-treatment-and-prevention, 2.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pertussis-infection-epidemiology-microbiology-and-pathogenesis, 3.https://www.cdc.gov/tb/links/tboffices.htm, 4.https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/testing/skintesting.htm, 5.https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/faqs/qa_introduction.htm#tbprobleminus, 6.https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/statistics/tbtrends.htm, 7.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/vaccines-for-infants-and-children-age-0-to-6-years-beyond-the-basics, 8.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/adult-vaccines-beyond-the-basics, 9.https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351250, 10.https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/fast-facts.html, 11.https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines.html, 12.https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/easy-to-read/child-easyread.html, 13.https://medlineplus.gov/tuberculosis.html#cat_92, 14.https://medlineplus.gov/tuberculosis.html#cat_93, 15.https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/pertussis-whooping-cough, 16.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5689193/, 17.https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis, Copyright 2022 Walgreen Co. All rights reserved, Committed to a healthier future for our children, Feeding thousands of kids one backpack at a time, 7 ways to help kids de-stress and decompress, Next stop: Better care for kids who need it, Improving access to blood cancer care in minority communities, Improving access to leukemia & lymphoma care, From patients to advocates How Myeloma Link helps Black communities, Beating breast cancer through early detection, The navigator who guides breast cancer patients, The Vaccine Lady holds a key to health equity, Helping breast cancer patients get quality healthcare, Expanding access to care with the COVID-19 Vaccine Equity Initiative, Fighting the invisible epidemic of diabetes, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pertussis-infection-in-adolescents-and-adults-treatment-and-prevention, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pertussis-infection-epidemiology-microbiology-and-pathogenesis, https://www.cdc.gov/tb/links/tboffices.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/testing/skintesting.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/faqs/qa_introduction.htm#tbprobleminus, https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/statistics/tbtrends.htm, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/vaccines-for-infants-and-children-age-0-to-6-years-beyond-the-basics, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/adult-vaccines-beyond-the-basics, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351250, https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/fast-facts.html, https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines.html, https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/easy-to-read/child-easyread.html, https://medlineplus.gov/tuberculosis.html#cat_92, https://medlineplus.gov/tuberculosis.html#cat_93, https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/pertussis-whooping-cough, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5689193/, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis, Whooping cough: The common term for pertussis.
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