It carries a great deal of baggage in the present, and that baggage weighs down our understanding of migration in the distant past as well. For Tocharian, it may be necessary to assume an indirect dispersal as well in view of the late spread of agriculture to the eastern steppe. culture is significant for its role in the evolution of language. Ancestors are therefore themselves tutelaries to be worshiped. InGreek mythology, the Earth is personified asGaia, corresponding to RomanTerra, IndicPrithvi/Bhmi, etc. Yamnaya people may have been the first to domesticate cows, which allowed them to produce large quantities of milk. One of the common beliefs is the divine presence in nature and the reverence of the natural order in life. Some linguists have argued that Korean, Japanese, and Ainu are language isolates, as they only vaguely resemble other Altaic languages. Haplogroup N1 reaches a maximum frequency of approximately 95% in the Nenets (40% N1c and 57% N1b) and Nganassans (all N1b), two Uralic tribes of central-northern Siberia, and 90% among the Yakuts (all N1c), a Turkic people who live mainly in the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in central-eastern Siberia. ref, Haplogroup N is a descendant of East Asian macro-haplogroup NO. Place and time [ edit] One of the earliest attested and thus one of the most important of all Indo-European mythologies is Vedic mythology, especially the mythology of the Rigveda, the oldest of the Vedas. ref, Early scholars of comparative mythology such as Friedrich Max Mller stressed the importance of Vedic mythology to such an extent that they practically equated it with Proto-Indo-European myths. They were an early Bronze Age culture that came from the grasslands, or steppes, of modern-day Russia and Ukraine, bringing with them metallurgy and . Justified beliefs or disbeliefs worthy of Knowledge? Moreover, we detect genetic interactions with western Eurasian steppe populations and reconstruct, genomes from two Early Bronze Age individuals without western Eurasian ancestry. Animism: a belief among some indigenous people, young children, or all religious people! City-States like Uruk and others had a patrontutelaryCity Deity along with a Priest-King.ref, Chinese folk religion, both past, and present, includes myriad tutelary deities. Steppe semi-nomads associated with the Abashevo-Sintashta and later with the Srubnaya-Andronovo communities moved from Eastern Europe eastwards to the Altai and even to Xinjiang. My Reasoned Speculations on the Early Migrations of Paganism 13,000 to 3,000 years ago, Cultural Transfer. A neighbor-joining dendrogram based on TD grouped the foxtail millet accessions into eight major clusters, each of which consisted of accessions collected from adjacent geographical areas. At least three deities, Tabiti, Papaios, and Api, are generally interpreted as having Indo-European origins, while the remaining have seen more disparate interpretations. All of that seems to match the Yamnaya both on the steppe and in their new home in the Hungarian Plain. Yamnaya households were small, consisting of only two or three families. The wooden plows of the Catacomb culture (25001950 BCE) offer an archaeologicalterminus post quem. A successive potential proxy is the Babyno culture (22001700 BCE), whose similarities to the Epi-Corded Ware of the Carpathian region suggest an East-Central European origin. ref, ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref, ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref. Indeed, in the final stage of Mikhailovka the evidence of millet increased, suggesting an increasing presence of C4 plants in the vegetation and/or in the diet. In the late 3rd millennium BCE, military-oriented stockbreeding societies emerged in Eastern Central Asia (Sayan-Altai and Mongolia). Yamnaya culture, also known as Yamna, drove out, almost all the population of locals in Spain about 5000 years ago. systems used to predict seasonal shifts and to interpret celestial cycles as signs of divine communications. The cattle bones yielded lower and more variable values (5.8 to 9.3 ; range 3.5 ) than those of the sheep/goat (7.8 to 10.2 ; range 2.4 ; with an outlier with . The group is named after theAltai mountain rangein the center of Asia.ref, Tracing population movements in ancient East Asia through the linguistics and archaeology of textile production 2020, Archaeolinguistics, a field which combines language reconstruction and archaeology as a source of information on human prehistory, has much to offer to deepen our understanding of the Neolithic and Bronze Age in Northeast Asia. History of Drug Use with Religion or Sacred Rituals possibly 58,000 years ago? 2021, confirmed ANE-related geneflow among the Jmon people, partially ancestral to theAinu people. There is a 1500 year gap between the Yamnaya (3300-2800 bc) and the Tumulus and Urnfield (1300 bc) cultures, which can be seen as the earliest Celtic cultures or ancestral to the Celtic culture. Paganism was more than shamanism at first it was about the clan leader from 13,000 to 7,000 years ago then from 7,000 until 5, 500 was a time of proto kings and by 5,000 kings were a growing norm. Center: Steppe cultures1 (black): Anatolian languages (archaic PIE)2 (black): Afanasievo culture (early PIE)3 (black) Yamnaya culture expansion (Pontic-Caspian steppe, Danube Valley) (late PIE)4A (black): Western Corded Ware4B-C (blue & dark blue): Bell Beaker; adopted by Indo-European speakers5A-B (red): Eastern Corded ware5C (red): Sintashta (proto-Indo-Iranian)6 (magenta): Andronovo7A (purple): Indo-Aryans (Mittani)7B (purple): Indo-Aryans (India)[NN] (dark yellow): proto-Balto-Slavic8 (grey): Greek9 (yellow): Iranians [not drawn]: Armenian, expanding from the western steppe. They also hunted deer and wild game. The graves also had an overburden of horse remains; it cannot yet be determined decisively if these horses were domesticated and ridden or not, but they were certainly used as a meat-animal. In the context of the modifiedKurgan hypothesisofMarija Gimbutas, this pre-kurgan archaeological culture could represent theUrheimat(homeland) of theProto-Indo-European language. The uppermost cline, composed of individuals from northern Eurasia, mostly speaking Uralic or Yeniseian languages, connects northeast Europeans and the Uralic (Samoyedic) speaking Nganasans from northern Siberia. Poltavka culture . The people of the Yamnaya culture were a late Copper Age to early Bronze Age archaeological culture in the Pontic Caspian Steppe. He hypothesizes that the Tripolye culture was taken over by PIE speakers by c. 4000 BCE or 6,021 years ago, and that in its final phase the Tripolye culture expanded to the steppes, morphing into various regional cultures which fused with the late Sredny Stog pastoralist cultures, which, he suggests, gave rise to the Yamnaya culture. ref, According to Anthony (2007), the early Yamnaya horizon spread quickly across the PonticCaspian steppes between c.3400 and 3200BCE or 5,421-5,221 years ago: The spread of the Yamnaya horizon was the material expression of the spread of late Proto-Indo-European across the PonticCaspian steppes. An alternative system based on six recurring narrative themes was designed by Raymond Van Over: Sumerian religion/ Mesopotamian mythology. Yamnaya households were small, consisting of only two or three families. There are lots of different kinds of migrations. Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. Our data thus suggest a WesternEurasian steppeorigin for at least part of the ancient Xinjiang population. A more recent study by Cooke et al. The Yamnaya (Pit-grave) culture was succeeded in its western range by the Catacomb culture (2800-2200 BCE or 4,821-4,221 years ago); in the east, by the Poltavka culture (2700-2100 BCE or 4,721-4,121 years ago) at the middle Volga. Ancient Chinese Earthquake Detector Invented 2,000 Years Ago Really Worked! People on the steppe buried their exalted dead in kurgans; kurgans show up later in the Hungarian Plain than on the steppe, accompanied by the same kinds of artifacts we find in burials on the steppe. ref, Around 5,000 years ago,Origin of Logicsis a Naturalistic Observation (principles of valid reasoning, inference, & demonstration)ref, Around 4,150 to 4,000 years ago: The earliest surviving versions of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh, which was originally titled He who Saw the Deep (Sha naqba muru) or Surpassing All Other Kings (Shtur eli sharr) were written. Ancient Origins 2013 - 2023Disclaimer- Terms of Publication - Privacy Policy & Cookies - Advertising Policy -Submissions - We Give Back - Contact us. We also demonstrate the formation of Early Neolithic and Bronze Age Baikal populations as the result of prolonged admixture throughout the eighth to sixth millennium BP. Most, if not all, cultures have attached importance to what they observed in the sky, and somesuch as theHindus,Chinese, and theMayadeveloped elaborate systems for predicting terrestrial events from celestial observations. It would have progressively spread across Siberia until north-eastern Europe, possibly reaching the Volga-Ural region around 5500 to 4500 BCE with theKama culture(5300-3300 BCE), and the eastern Baltic with theComb Ceramic culture(4200-2000 BCE), the presumed ancestral culture of Proto-Finnic and pre-Baltic people. This last expression by Epicurus,seems to be an expression of Axiological Atheism. The carrier slung the pots over the shoulder or onto an animal. Possible Religion Motivations in the First Cave Art at around 43,000 years ago? I hear Over and Over again that there is NO scientific proof, only science evidence or facts, Ritual, Religion, Elites, Language, and Civilization relating to Neolithic and Ancient China, The Headless Megaliths of Gobleke Tepe: The Show Notes - Ancient History Fangirl, Male-Homosexual (female-like) / Trans-woman (female) Seated Figurine from Gobekli Tepe, how did coffee impact labor practices from 1450 to 1750? Finlands Horned Shaman and Pre-Horned-God at least 4,500 years ago? They have also made typological comparisons. So, I guess the question is to us all, to ask, how can power not carry responsibility in a humanity concept? From there, further linguistic divergence led to the evolution of their current descendants, the modern Indo-European languages. Heritage Daily reports that exactly when these new peoples arrived and how they mixed with indigenous Europeans remains unclear.. How it is possible that Russian and Sanskrit are descendants from English and Latin? in clay ovens or on heated stones in the home. They are all stories with aplotandcharacterswho are eitherdeities, human-like figures, or animals, who often speak and transform easily. The term is derived from the Russiankurgan(), meaningtumulusor burial mound. R-M434 is a subclade of Z2125. The rooted tree shows the genetic phylogeny of human populations from Africa, North Europe, and East Asia, with the colors of the branches roughly indicating the generalized skin pigmentation level of these populations, . Yet there are many questions about this period. Here, we report genome-wide data from 19Upper Paleolithic to Early Bronze Age individuals from this Siberian region. These two cultures were followed by the Srubnaya culture (1800-1200 BCE or 3,821-3,221 years ago)." ref Damien is interested in:Freedom, Liberty, Justice, Equality, Ethics, Humanism, Science, Atheism, Antiteism, Antireligionism, Ignosticism, Left-Libertarianism, Anarchism, Socialism, Mutualism, Axiology, Metaphysics, LGBTQI, Philosophy, Advocacy, Activism, Mental Health, Psychology, Archaeology, Social Work, Sexual Rights, Marriage Rights, Womans Rights, Gender Rights, Child Rights, Secular Rights, Race Equality, Ageism/Disability Equality, Etc. (Marianne Ramstein / Archologischer Dienst des Kanton Bern ). Warring Seima-Turbino groups migrated from Central Asia towards the Urals and further into Eastern Europe. In FreudsTotem and Taboo, both totem and taboo are outward expressions or manifestations of the same psychological tendency, a concept which is complementary to, or which rather reconciles, the apparent conflict. Rational thinkers must examine the facts instead of blindly following beliefs or faith. Yamnaya culture was defined by Vasily Gorodtsov in order to differentiate it from catacomb and srubnaya cultures that existed in the area but considered to be of later period. It is furthermore worth noting that at the second-most basal stage, prior to the Tocharian split, the root *h2erh3 had already undergone the semantic shift to plow, implying that this practice was known to the deepest layers of core Indo-European. In the Early and Middle Bronze Age (4th3rd millennia BCE), advanced pastoral cultures emerged in the Circumpontic Metallurgical Province. Freud preferred to emphasize the psychoanalytic implications of the reification of metaphysical forces, but with particular emphasis on its familial nature. The other gene flow in Native Americans (the remainder of their ancestry) was of East Asian origin. (The first writing in the bible was Paleo-Hebrew dated toaround 3,000 years ago Khirbet Qeiyafais the site of an ancient fortress city overlooking the Elah Valley. In some religious traditions or movements,Heavenly Mother(also referred to asMother inHeavenorSky Mother) is the wife or feminine counterpart of theSky fatherorGod the Father.ref, Any masculine sky god is often alsoking of the gods, taking the position ofpatriarchwithin apantheon. ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, ref, The Yamnaya culture is identified with the lateProto-Indo-Europeans, and thePontic-Caspian steppeis the strongest candidate for theUrheimat(original homeland) of theProto-Indo-European language. A similar physical type prevails among the, , who were tall and powerfully built. This allowed for the genomes to be sequenced. This emphasis underscores, rather than weakens, the ancestral component., that claim to discern information about human affairs and terrestrial events by studying the apparent positions of, Different cultures have employed forms of astrology since at least the 2nd millennium BCE, these practices having originated in. They often are consideredsacredaccounts and can be found in nearly all knownreligious traditions. Damien Marie AtHope (At Hope)Axiological Atheist, Anti-theist, Anti-religionist, Secular Humanist. divided into 6 groups: gods, ancestors, souls of the living, spirits of living things, spirits of lifeless objects, and ghosts), , there are various types of tutelary deities, among which. The Yamnaya survived. Beauv.) Gene sequencing of another south-central Siberianpeople (Afontova Gora-2)dating to approximately 17,000 years ago, revealed similar autosomal genetic signatures to that of Malta boy-1, suggesting that the region was continuously occupied by humans throughout the Last Glacial Maximum.ref, The earliest known individual with a genetic mutation associated with blonde hair in modern Europeans is an Ancient North Eurasian female dating to around 16000 BCE from theAfontova Gora 3site in Siberia. #SohanrajTater #Motivational #inspirational #GYANMANDIR, #positivevibes, #happiness, #nature, #Culture, #Religion, #motivational, #inspirational #Daily #. Remains found at an excavation site used in the study, which has revealed clues to the Yamnaya Cultures migration to Europe. For example,Martin LuthersTischredenhave numerous quite serious references to dealing withkobolds. The period around 2000 BCE was marked by two migration waves moving in opposite directions. Nefer Say Nefer - Was Nefertiti Buried in the Valley of the Queens? 4,000-year-Old Dolmens in Israel: A Connected Dolmen Religious Phenomenon? 4.3. They could also be found on domestic objects, such as cosmetic articles in the case ofTawaret. He is usually described as attached to particular families, with whom he has been known to reside for centuries, threshing the corn, cleaning the house, and performing similar household tasks. [CP]A late Neolithic pastoralist culture, dating to 2000-1800 bc, of the lower Volga and Don steppelands of Russia, also known as the Pit Grave Culture. For the steppe component in Indo-Iranians, the Eastern European Corded Ware has been suggested as the mediator of Yamnaya ancestry, . Required fields are marked *. The culture is characterized by the remains of animal sacrifice, which occur over most of the sites. Think, how often is it the powerless that start wars, oppress others, or commit genocide? Who were the Groups migrating and merging with the previous Groups of Europe? These childlike religious stories should not even be taken seriously, but sadly too often they are. The settlements of the Botai which consisted ofpit-houseswere relatively large and permanent. After the formation of the core Indo-European dialect continuum in this area after ca. In short, no. Some of it was already present in Russia during the Mesolithic period, but the largest East Asian migration to Europe took place with the arrival of Proto-Uralic people during the Neolithic. R-M458 is a mainlySlavicSNP, characterized by its own mutation, and was first calledcluster N.Underhill et al. Though it was disputed for many years, there is conclusive evidence that Neanderthals bred with modern humans (Homo sapiens). Ket language, albeit almost extinct, is the only language of the Yeniseian family that survived into the 21stcentury. At present I am a Read More. Researchers are saying European peoples and languages descended in part from the Yamnaya Culture people of what is now Russia and western Asia about 4,500 years ago. Our side the Left is more often on the fact side, the other side the Right is a cesspool of mythology, propaganda, cult, conspiracy theories, and anti-intellectualism generally, or at least it seems as so many are out and proud of such foolishness. Its proposed features have been derived by linguistic reconstruction from documented Indo-European languages. It is no secret that in dating, timing is everything. The main food of the Yangshao people wasmillet, with some sites usingfoxtail milletand othersproso millet, though some evidence ofricehas been found. 43,000-33,000 years old Aurignacian Figurine Marks, like at the Swabian Jura caves in Germany, 41,000-20,000-year-old Upper Paleolithic Tally sticks. Pre-Animism(at least 300,000 years ago) pre-religion is a beginning that evolves into later Animism. Possibly a forebear of the Corded Ware Culture or Kurgan Culture in the area. I will now give offer my rough outlined four-stage hypotheses, which use the reference of a house, in order to help to explain the way how that house (modern religions) fully developed a packet of wishful thinking nonsense, in order to assist in grasping the relative big picture of both the original elements that are involved in what often became a variety of nonrealism/unrealistic faiths or beliefs around the world. And a far-leftist, Anarcho-Humanist.. Shamanistic rock art from central Aboriginal Siberians and Aboriginal drums in the Americas. Among the Neolithic samples, haplogroup N1 made up two thirds of the samples from theHongshan culture(4700-2900 BCE) and all the samples from the Xiaoheyan culture (3000-2200 BCE), hinting that N1 people played a major role in the diffusion of the Neolithic lifestyle around Northeast China, and probably also to Mongolia and Siberia. ref, Ye Zhang et al. Some scholars argue that modern Judaism evolved fromYahwism, the religion ofancient Israel and Judah, by the late 6th century BCE, and is thus considered to be one of the oldest monotheistic religions.ref, Yahwismis the name given by modern scholars to the religion ofancient Israel, essentiallypolytheistic, with a plethora ofgodsandgoddesses. The Samara culture was an Eneolithic (Copper Age) culture that flourished around the turn of the 5th millennium BCE,[note 1] at the Samara Bend of the Volga River (modern Russia). Since the 20th century this literature has been mined for characters for role-playing games, video games, and other fantasypersonae, not infrequently invested with invented traits and hierarchies somewhat different from their mythological and folkloric roots.ref, In contradistinction to bothHerbert SpencerandEdward Burnett Tylor, who defended theories of animistic origins of ancestor worship,mile Durkheimsaw its origin intotemism. Others associate this with the laterYamnaya culture. ref, Examination of physical remains of the Sredny Stog people has determined that they wereEuropoid. My hypothesis with an explanation of this house (modern religions development). In Ugaritic the plural form meaning gods isilhm, equivalent to Hebrewelhmpowers. A century ago, it was a catch-all explanation for any change in the material record. Genetic studies on Jewish DNA is not 6,000 years old but has origin links to about 20,000 to 30,000 years ago? Are the Misty Peaks of the Azores Remnants of the Legendary Atlantis? New Testing Revealed, about First Complete DNA Sequencing Unveils Truth of Pompeii Victim, about How Mixed Ancestries Shaped European Traits, about Decade of DNA Analysis Reveals Astonishing Truths About Our Past, about Genetic Study of Romanian Skull Upends Previous Theories of Evolution, Mother and Child Reunion Of Thetis And Achilles, Seductive Sirens of Greek Mythology and How Heroes Resisted Them, Celestial Goddess Selene: The Ancient Greek Goddess of the Moon, Pegasus of Greek Mythology: Majestic Winged Horse of Mount Olympus, Dreams of Human-Powered Flight: Daedalus and the Story of Icarus. ). "The Yamnaya culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans, and the Pontic-Caspian steppe is the strongest candidate for the Urheimat . The Bug-Dniester culture had ceramics about 6200 BCE and began to adopt animal domestication & agriculture from Cri people. ref, ref, A northern group of pioneers formed the Cri/Krs Culture and occupied northern Balkans and Carpathians 5800-5300 BCE. First Pottery of Europe and the Related Cultures, 9,000 years old Neolithic Artifacts Judean Desert and Hills Israel, Neolithic Jewelry and the Spread of Farming in Europe Emerging out of West Turkey. In his analysis of the Indo-European household, in Chapter II The House Spirit, Section 1, he states: The belief which guided the conduct of our forefathers was the spirit rule of dead ancestors.ref, It is thus certain that the worship of deceased ancestors is avera causa, and not a mere hypothesis. Elements of the practice can be seen even today, with Christian accretions, where statues to various saints (such asSt. Francis) protect gardens and grottos. Pre-Animism: Portable Rock Art at least 300,000-year-old, Pre-animism 300,000 years old and animism 100,000 years old: related to Anarchism and Socialism. The team from the University of Helsinki and . We used three recently active transposons (TSI-1,TSI-7, andTSI-10) as genome-wide markers and succeeded in demonstrating geographical structures of the foxtail millet. Household deities fit into two types; firstly, a specific deity typically a goddess often referred to as ahearth goddessordomestic goddesswho is associated with the home and hearth, such as the ancient GreekHestia.ref, The second type of household deities are those that are not one singular deity, but a type, or species ofanimisticdeity, who usually have lesser powers than major deities. Quite possibly, segments of the core Indo-European speech community moved west before they moved east, including those groups that ultimately introduced Tocharian and Indo-Iranian to Asia. Many religions, bothpolytheisticandmonotheistic, havedeitiesassociated with the sky.ref, Incomparative mythology,sky fatheris a term for a recurring concept inpolytheisticreligions of asky godwho is addressed as a father, often the father of apantheonand is often either a reigning or formerKing of the Gods. This lineage is closely related to the ANE sample fromAfontova Gora, dated c. 18 kya. So far, integrated comparative analyses of words and tools for textile production are completely lacking for the Northeast Asian Neolithic and Bronze Age. Lazaridis et al. European early modern humans(EEMH) lineages between 40,000-26,000 years ago (Aurignacian) were still part of a large Western Eurasian meta-population, related to Central and Western Asian populations. In conclusion, while many cereal terms have been proposed in the literature, their number must be substantially reduced, especially for the most basal stage of Indo-European, Indo-Anatolian. People often hop just a few miles down the road to make a new life, but sometimes they leap hundreds of miles, crossing mountains and oceans to reach their new homes. A group of researchers have carried out a study of genomes from individuals who lived in the Late Neolithic era. The PIE phonology, particles, numerals, and copula are also well-reconstructed. ref, Asterisks are used as a conventional mark of reconstructed words, such as *wdr, *w, or *tryes; these forms are the reconstructed ancestors of the modern English words water, hound, and three, respectively. Lord Guanis the patron of military personnel and police, whileMazuis the patron of fishermen and sailors. Nothing more than a confused reality made up of unscientific echoes from mans ancient past. Steppe semi-nomads associated with the Abashevo-Sintashta and later with the Srubnaya-Andronovo communities moved from Eastern Europe eastwards to the Altai and even to Xinjiang. These migrants from the steppe filled the Hungarian Plain with earthen burial mounds called kurgans, permanent markers of their otherwise ephemeral presence. Ethnogenesis of the modernethnic groups of Europein thehistorical periodis associated with numerous admixture events, primarily those associated with theRoman,Germanic,Norse,Slavic,Berber,ArabandTurkishexpansions. PIE nominals and pronouns had a complex system of declension, and verbs similarly had a complex system of conjugation. Some of the people buried in kurgans in Hungary, even those with typically steppe-style artifacts, have exactly zero genetic ancestry from the steppe. Latin does not have any of it. Did Indo-European Languages Stem From a Trans-Eurasian Original Language: https://www.academia.edu/49885484/Did_Indo_European_Languages_Stem_From_a_Trans_Eurasian_Original_Language?email_work_card=title, Natufian Beginnings: The consequences of a sedentary lifestyle: https://www.academia.edu/2236450/Natufian_Beginnings_The_consequences_of_a_sedentary_lifestyle?email_work_card=title, M. Vidale, T-Shaped Pillars and Mesolithic Chiefdoms in the Prehistory of Southern Eurasia: a Preliminary Note: https://www.academia.edu/3877380/M_Vidale_T_Shaped_Pillars_and_Mesolithic_Chiefdoms_in_the_Prehistory_of_Southern_Eurasia_a_Preliminary_Note?email_work_card=title, Pigs in Space (and Time): Pork Consumption and Identity Negotiations in the Late Bronze and Iron Ages of Ancient Israel, Near Eastern Archaeology 81: 276-299: https://www.academia.edu/38549199/Pigs_in_Space_and_Time_Pork_Consumption_and_Identity_Negotiations_in_the_Late_Bronze_and_Iron_Ages_of_Ancient_Israel_Near_Eastern_Archaeology_81_276-299?email_work_card=title, Ancient Felines and the Great-Goddess in Anatolia: Kubaba and Cybele Goddesses: https://www.academia.edu/220990/Ancient_Felines_and_the_Great-Goddess_in_Anatolia_Kubaba_and_Cybele?email_work_card=title, Anatolia From the Pre-Pottery Neolithic to the End of the Early Bronze Age (10,5002000 BCE): https://www.academia.edu/40971286/Anatolia_From_the_Pre_Pottery_Neolithic_to_the_End_of_the_Early_Bronze_Age_10_500_2000_bce_?email_work_card=title, Recent excavations at the Neolithic site of yiftahel (Khalet Khalladyiah), lower Galilee: https://www.academia.edu/23733311/Recent_excavations_at_the_Neolithic_site_of_yiftahel_Khalet_Khalladyiah_lower_Galilee?email_work_card=title, Inanna in Mesopotamian Religion and Culture: Reinforcer of Heteronormativity, or Legitimizer of non-Heteronormativity: https://academia.edu/9898651/Inanna_in_Mesopotamian_Religion_and_Culture_Reinforcer_of_Heteronormativity_or_Legitimizer_of_non-Heteronormativity?email_work_card=title, East Asian ethnolinguistic phylogeography: https://www.academia.edu/10168550/East_Asian_ethnolinguistic_phylogeography?email_work_card=minimal-title, Neolithic Levant: Chronology; Natufian overview; Neolithic summary; PPNA (Jericho; Gobekli Tepe; agriculture; lithics); PPNB (Ain Ghazal; herding); PNA (pottery; Yarmukian culture); PNB (Wadi Rabah); main trends: https://www.academia.edu/9552951/Anth.340_Ppt._lecture-3_Neolithic_Levant_Chronology_Natufian_overview_Neolithic_summary_PPNA_Jericho_Gobekli_Tepe_agriculture_lithics_PPNB_Ain_Ghazal_herding_PNA_pottery_Yarmukian_culture_PNB_Wadi_Rabah_main_trends_by_G._Mumford_revised_Sept._2018_?email_work_card=title, Starcevo-Cris Culture in Western Romania repository, distribution map, state of research and chronology: https://www.academia.edu/1527168/Starcevo-Cris_Culture_in_Western_Romania_-_repository_distribution_map_state_of_research_and_chronology?email_work_card=title, MESOLITHIC PEOPLE FROM CRIMEA: The materials for our study were represented by three skeletons from Murzakkoba I andII and Fatmakoba dated to the Upper PaleolithicMesolithic period: https://www.academia.edu/30971852/MESOLITHIC_PEOPLE_FROM_CRIMEA?email_work_card=minimal-title, From Upper Perigordian to the current Non-hierarchical Gravettian in the Cantabrian Region (Northern Spain): Recent Changes, Current Challenges: https://www.academia.edu/16562337/From_Upper_Perigordian_to_the_current_Non-hierarchical_Gravettian_in_the_Cantabrian_Region_Northern_Spain_Recent_Changes_Current_Challenges?email_work_card=minimal-title, Asian varieties of millet made their way from China to the Black Sea region of Europe by 5000 BCE or 7,000 years ago.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millet, Origins of Transeurasian languages traced to Neolithic millet farmers in north-easternChinaabout 9,000 years ago, A study combining linguistic, genetic, and archaeological evidence has traced the origins of a family of languages including modern Japanese, Korean, Turkish and Mongolian and the people who speak them to millet farmers who inhabited a region in north-easternChinaabout 9,000 years ago.
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